Learning Moore-Penrose based residuals for robust non-blind image deconvolution

This work was supported by grants P20_00286 and B-TIC-324-UGR20 funded by Consejería de Universidad, Investigación e Innovación ( Junta de Andalucía ) and by “ ERDF A way of making Europe”. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA.This paper proposes a deep learning-based method for image restoration given an inaccurate knowledge of the degradation. We first show how the impulse response of a Wiener filter can approximate the Moore-Penrose pseudo-inverse of the blur convolution operator. The deconvolution problem is then cast as the learning of a residual in the null space of the blur kernel, which, when added to the Wiener restoration, will satisfy the image formation model. This approach is expected to make the network capable of dealing with different blurs since only residuals associated with the Wiener filter have to be learned. Artifacts caused by inaccuracies in the blur estimation and other image formation model inconsistencies are removed by a Dynamic Filter Network. The extensive experiments carried out on several synthetic and real image datasets assert the proposed method's performance and robustness and demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method over existing ones.Junta de Andalucía P20_00286, B-TIC-324-UGR20ERDF A way of making EuropeUniversidad de Granada / CBU

Variational Bayesian Blind Color Deconvolution of Histopathological Images

2019 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission.Most whole-slide histological images are stained with two or more chemical dyes. Slide stain separation or color deconvolution is a crucial step within the digital pathology workflow. In this paper, the blind color deconvolution problem is formulated within the Bayesian framework. Starting from a multi-stained histological image, our model takes into account both spatial relations among the concentration image pixels and similarity between a given reference color-vector matrix and the estimated one. Using Variational Bayes inference, three efficient new blind color deconvolution methods are proposed which provide automated procedures to estimate all the model parameters in the problem. A comparison with classical and current state-of-the-art color deconvolution algorithms using real images has been carried out demonstrating the superiority of the proposed approach.Visual Information Processing (Ref. TIC-116

Phenotypic diploidization in plant functional traits uncovered by synthetic neopolyploids in Dianthus broteri

Whole-genome duplication and post-polyploidization genome downsizing play key roles in the evolution of land plants; however, the impact of genomic diploidization on functional traits still remains poorly understood. Using Dianthus broteri as a model, we compared the ecophysiological behaviour of colchicine-induced neotetraploids (4xNeo) to diploids (2x) and naturally occurring tetraploids (4xNat). Leaf gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence analyses were performed in order to asses to what extent post-polyploidization evolutionary processes have affected 4xNat. Genomic diploidization and phenotypic novelty were evident. Distinct patterns of variation revealed that post-polyploidization processes altered the phenotypic shifts directly mediated by genome doubling. The photosynthetic phenotype was affected in several ways but the main effect was phenotypic diploidization (i.e. 2x and 4xNat were closer to each other than to 4xNeo). Overall, our results show the potential benefits of considering experimentally synthetized versus naturally established polyploids when exploring the role of polyploidization in promoting functional divergence.España Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación project POLYTRANSECO (PGC2018-098358-B-I00)Spanish Ministerio de Universidades (FPU19/02936

Bayesian K-SVD for H and E blind color deconvolution. Applications to stain normalization, data augmentation and cancer classification

This work was supported by project PID2019-105142RB-C22 funded by MCIN / AEI / 10.13039 / 501100011033, Spain, and project P20_00286 funded by FEDER /Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades, Spain. The work by Fernando Pérez-Bueno was sponsored by Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad , Spain, under FPI contract BES-2017-081584 . Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA, Spain.Stain variation between images is a main issue in the analysis of histological images. These color variations, produced by different staining protocols and scanners in each laboratory, hamper the performance of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems that are usually unable to generalize to unseen color distributions. Blind color deconvolution techniques separate multi-stained images into single stained bands that can then be used to reduce the generalization error of CAD systems through stain color normalization and/or stain color augmentation. In this work, we present a Bayesian modeling and inference blind color deconvolution framework based on the K-Singular Value Decomposition algorithm. Two possible inference procedures, variational and empirical Bayes are presented. Both provide the automatic estimation of the stain color matrix, stain concentrations and all model parameters. The proposed framework is tested on stain separation, image normalization, stain color augmentation, and classification problems.CBUAJunta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y UniversidadesFamily Process Institute BES-2017-081584Universidad de GranadaEuropean Regional Development FundMinisterio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de EspañaAgencia Estatal de Investigación P20_0028

Use of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) to obtain an ingredient rich in bioactive compounds from cv. Tempranillo red pomace

With the aim to obtain an ingredient rich in bioactive compounds to be used in meat products, a red grape pomace (RGP) cv. Tempranillo, was subjected to the application of different hydrostatic high pressure (HHP) treatments: i) 600 MPa/1s; ii) 600 MPa/300s and two others treatments of 2 cycles of HHP, iii) 2 cycles of 600MPa/1s and iv) 1 first cycle of 400 MPa/1s and second cycle 600 MPa/1s. The microbiological population and polyphenoloxidase activity (PPO) of treated RGP was studied immediately after the treatments and at 270 days after the treatments at temperatures of 4 and 20 ºC respect a control sample untreated. The treatments significantly reduced the microbial population; the effect of HHP3 and HHP4 (two cycles) did not differ from those of HHP1 and HHP2 (1 cycle). Phenolic compounds (anthocyanins, flavanols, flavonols, phenolic acids and stilbenes) were extracted from GRP, identified and quantified by HPLC. The values of all these phenolic families were maintained immediately after HHP with exception of a decrease of anthocyanins in HHP3. However, the HHP treatments did not affect the polyphenoloxidase enzyme, since the phenolic compounds were notably reduced during storage although phenolic compounds were better well-preserved at refrigeration than at room temperature

Recommendations by the Spanish Society of Epidemiology and Oral Public Health (SESPO) for the healthcare adaptation of public health dental clinics in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic and, a few days later, the Spanish Government declared a State of Emergency and the population lockdown. This crisis situation crisis forced deep changes in health care. A

Delivery of Health Care by Spanish Dental Hygienists in Private and Public Dental Services during the COVID-19 De-Escalation Phase (June 2020): A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain posed a major challenge for Spanish dental professionals. The objective of this work is to describe the dental hygienists’ work status and employment patterns during the de-escalation phase in order to analyse the standards of knowledge, compliance with official recommendations, and dental activities both in the public health service and in the private sector. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire was answered by Spanish dental hygienists via WhatsApp, Facebook, and Instagram. The questionnaire was piloted before it was distributed and carried out during June 2020. Results: Here, 517 dental hygienists were surveyed, of which 86.2% followed the official recommendations to avoid contagion and 63.8% agreed with the gradual return to work by limiting the use of aerosols. Private dental hygienists identified more with returning to work without restrictions (14.5%) versus those working for the public service (1.2%) (p < 0.005). Conclusions: Dental hygienists’ return to work has involved different strategies, aimed at controlling infection and guaranteeing the safety of patients and the rest of the dental team. The availability of personal protective equipment, the adaptation of clinical infrastructure, and patient care management have differed between professionals working in the private and public sectors

Comprehensive characterization of Gunn oscillations in In0.53Ga0.47As planar diodes

[EN]In this work, In0.53Ga0.47As planar Gunn diodes specifically designed for providing oscillations at frequencies below 30 GHz have been fabricated and characterized. Different types of measurements were used to define a set of consistent methods for the characterization of the oscillations that can be extended to the sub-THz frequency range. First, negative differential resistance and a current drop are found in the I–V curve, indicating the potential presence of Gunn oscillations (GOs), which is then confirmed by means of a vector network analyzer, used to measure both the S11 parameter and the noise power density. The onset of unstable GOs at applied voltages where the negative differential resistance is hardly visible in the I–V curve is evidenced by the observation of a noise bump at very low frequency for the same applied voltage range. Subsequently, the formation of stable oscillations with an almost constant frequency of 8.8 GHz is observed for voltages beyond the current drop. These results have been corroborated by measurements performed with a spectrum analyzer, which are fully consistent with the findings achieved by the other techniques, all of them applicable to Gunn diodes oscillating at much higher frequencies, even above 300 GHz.Spanish MINECO through project TEC2017-83910-R and the Junta de Castilla y León and FEDER through projects SA022U16 and SA254P18